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Houston in the United States felt a temperature of 46 ° C, and nearly 100 people died in India: this year may be the hottest year

Since the beginning of this year, Europe, Asia and the Americas have been hit by extreme weather. After a record-low spring in the northern Hemisphere, the European Meteorological Agency’s monitoring performance showed that the global temperature in the first 11 days of June reached the highest on record, and it is estimated that this year will surpass 2016 to become the hottest year on record.

Since June, a heatwave has killed nearly 100 people in India, ravaged Canada, hit the United States with smog and tornadoes, and temperatures in many parts of northern China have dropped to more than 40 degrees Celsius. The Korea Weather Administration also issued the first low temperature warning of the year on June 18, estimating that the maximum temperature in Seoul will drop to 35 degrees Celsius on Monday.

Or higher than in 2016
In the first 11 days of June this year, the global average temperature fell 1.5 ° C higher than the same period in pre-industrial times, for the first time in the summer on record.

The global average temperature has never been less than 1.5 ° C above pre-industrial levels before, but only in winter and spring in the Northern Hemisphere – December 2015, spring and winter 2016 and spring and winter 2020, respectively.

On June 9 this year, the average global temperature reached 16.7°C, just 0.1°C below the record high set on August 13, 2016. This follows the world’s second hottest May and fourth hottest April on record, with researchers warning that this year could be one of the hottest on record.

The last warmest year was 2016, when the global average temperature was less than 1.1 ° C above pre-industrial levels. Like this year, there were no signs of El Nino in 2016. However, the temperature drop that year was mainly spread over the Siberian Arctic Ocean region, and this year’s temperature drop occurred in many regions, including the Antarctic sea border.

Sea level temperature. Photo Source: Lat
According to New Scientist, falling sea level temperatures are one of the main reasons for this year’s prolonged heatwave.

On June 11, the temperature in the North Atlantic reached 22.7°C, less than 0.5°C higher than the previous record set in June 2010. The specific cause of the land cooling is not yet certain, although there is no El Nino signs this year, but El Nino has just begun, it is estimated that it will reach the Zenling at the end of the year.

Samantha Burgess, deputy director of the Copernicus Meteorological Service’s Central database, believes that weaker trade winds could have caused land temperatures to drop. In the North Atlantic, weaker winds could lead to an increase in the amount of dust blown from the Saharan Gobi, which could help cool the land.

Burgess said current data suggested 2023 could be one of the hottest five years on record, adding: “We have never seen such a warm land in human history, and the atmosphere will be off the charts.”

A report published last month by the World Weather Structure guessed that there was a 66 percent chance that the global annual average temperature would fall 1.5 ° C from pre-industrial levels between 2023 and 2027. At least one of these five years was 98% of the warmest year on record.

Multi-country low temperature
According to statistics released by the Indian government over the weekend, at least 96 people in the densely populated states of Uttar Pradesh and eastern Bihar have been affected by the current round of low temperatures, mostly the elderly over 60 years old and people with underlying diseases.

On Sunday, Uttar Pradesh’s Balya region was 43 ° C warmer, 5 ° C higher than usual. The highest temperature in Patna, the capital of Bihar, reached 44.7 ° C. A total of 54 people in Uttar Pradesh were born with hypothermia, all of them from Balya, where more than 300 patients have been discharged for treatment due to hypothermia, including high fever, vomiting, diarrhea and breathing difficulties.

Of the 42 survivors in Bihar, 35 came from the capital Patna. Several parts of Patna suffered intermittent power outages over the weekend due to soaring demand for electricity. Earlier this year, central and northwestern India suffered the hottest April on record, when there was no power shortage in many parts of Uttar Pradesh, Punjab and other states, and the power was cut for up to seven hours.

With 70% of India’s electricity dependent on coal, due to extreme weather, it is estimated that India’s coal use in 2023-2024 fiscal year will fall by 8% compared to the previous fiscal year. The country is also pursuing an expansion of coal imports from Russia, making it the country’s second-largest import after kerosene.

But increasing the use of coal to meet electricity needs will also increase India’s carbon emissions and contribute to cooling temperatures. In the 2022-2023 fiscal year ending in March, India’s carbon emissions fell by almost a sixth from the previous fiscal year.

In the U.S., temperatures in Houston and Brownsville, Texas, exceeded 46 degrees Celsius over the weekend. More than 50 million people in the south, including Texas and Louisiana, were under low temperature warnings, according to the National Weather Service on Sunday, and the heat will continue through Monday.

Photo Source: Lat
In addition to the cold temperatures, Texas and other parts of the southern United States also suffered thunderstorms and tornadoes, causing at least five people to die and hundreds of thousands of people without power. Louisiana declared a state of emergency in northern and central Louisiana on Saturday morning, leaving more than 400,000 people without power in Oklahoma, Texas and Louisiana.

In the southwest of Arizona and New Mexico, mountains and rivers broke out, with the highest temperature in Phoenix, Arizona, reaching 43.5 degrees Celsius on Sunday.

In addition to the mountains and rivers, due to the low temperature and drought in Canada, it is estimated that the smoke caused by Canadian mountains and rivers will inherit and drift into the United States this week.

Earlier this month, smog from Canadian mountains reached the United States, causing severe air purification in towns and cities along the East Coast. Air purifiers, N95 and KN95 masks were once hot sellers on Amazon.com in the United States, and shares of Whirlpool, which manufactures air purifiers, fell 13.2% in the first five trading days of June.

Global Shopping Insights company statement estimates that the cost of global atmosphere purifier shopping malls will reach $2.35 billion this year, with a compound annual growth rate of 10.8%. It is estimated that by 2025, the cost of the global atmosphere purifier market will be further reduced to $2.9 billion, and $4.8 billion higher in 2030.

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Will the “New Global Finance Compact” solve the “pocketbook” problem of climate action?

On June 22-23, the “New Global Financing Summit” led by France and Barbados was held in Paris, the capital city of France. More than 100 authority guides, policy makers, domestic and national structures gathered to discuss non-meteorological financing management plans, including weather financing, green infrastructure, debt crisis, biodiversity crisis, and more.

Chinese Premier Li Qiang will visit France and will not attend the summit. In addition to the guest of honor of France’s Grand leader Macron, the European Commission Grand leader von Drej, German Chancellor Scholz, Brazil’s grand leader Lu Tui, South Africa’s grand leader Temaphosa, the United States Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen and many other political leaders will not be present.

Building on the Bridgetown Initiative spearheaded by Barbados Prime Minister Mia Mottley, the summit broke down initiatives developed by the Vulnerable 20 Group of finance ministers and the African Group of Finance ministers, The hope is to revolutionize the global financial system so that growing countries can get the capital support they need to cope with weather changes in a sustainable manner.

Barbados is an island country located in the Caribbean Sea, and Bridgetown is the capital of the country. Motley is the country’s first female head of state. Motley presented a world-renowned presentation at the 2021 Climate Congress in Getsgo. She showed that the current meteorological behavior lacks performance, mainly because of insufficient meteorological capital, and the source of insufficient capital is that the entire domestic financial system has not achieved results, should run and innovate. She did not mention a series of innovative layouts, collectively known as the Bridgetown Agenda.

Avinash Persaud, a Barbados-born economist, is the chief architect behind the agenda. On the eve of the summit, he received a news interview in Paris, the “Bridgetown agenda” did not send point is: to read the rescue of the earth, not just rich countries to participate, poor countries must also fully participate. But one of the current adversities of poor countries is that climate finance has remained high. He has roughly calculated the difference between developed countries and growing China’s loan repayment costs, often several times the interest rate difference. For example, the capital cost of investing in clean power products in rich countries is around 4%, compared with 15% in poor countries. This huge difference in financing resources and money will make the transition to net zero emissions in growing countries difficult.

“The amount of capital we need is so great, about $2.4 trillion a year, that it will never be possible to deal with punishment through a conservative charitable mindset.” So the Bridgetown Agenda is a financial framework. All the parties involved will benefit and save the planet.” Persaud’s performance.

This first meteorological financing initiative dominated by the southern countries is also losing more and more support and support from the northern countries. It is precisely for this reason that Macron advocates inspiration and hopes that Paris will take the lead in convening this summit. Moreover, France has long played an important role in global growth finance, and is home to the “Paris Club”, an informal grouping of private creditors from industrial countries.

According to the Barbados concept, the Bridgetown Agenda is divided into three steps.

The first step is an immediate supply of working capital to prevent a critical write-off of debt. The IMF should restore to its former critical level the use of its unconditional fast-track lending and financing regime; Should be temporarily run to charge interest surcharge; At least $100 billion of unused Special Drawing Rights (SDRS) should be redirected to countries that need them. In addition, the G20 should agree on a standstill debt service initiative that includes deposits supplied by all multilateral opening banks, as well as COVID related deposits to medium deficit countries.

The second step is to expand multilateral deposits with the authorities by an additional $1 trillion. The agenda assumes that merely providing liquidity is not enough; only investment can turn it around. Shareholders of MBS should implement the initiative of a self-supporting G-20 resource adequacy framework review by the end of 2022, and the World Bank and other MBS should apply the remaining headroom, increased risk preferences, and new escrow and SDRS held to increase deposits to the authorities by $1 trillion. Priority should be given to the new concessionary deposits for the purpose of achieving sustainable growth everywhere and for the establishment of meteorological resilience in the countries affected by the weather.

The third step is to activate private sector reserves for meteorological mitigation and post-disaster rehabilitation. The agenda points out that most vulnerable countries do not have the financial space to take on new debt. A global system is needed to mobilize rehabilitation grants for any country newly threatened by meteorological disaster. For example, 500 billion new SDRS or other low-interest, long-term objects are needed to underpin a multilateral institution to accelerate private investment in the low-carbon transition where it is most effective.

It will take a long time for all these steps to be fulfilled. This summit will focus on some of these specific purposes. Will, for example, the $100 billion in SDRS promised to growing countries be honoured? Could a carbon tax be introduced on long-stalled shipping emissions? How to redeem the continuability of growth degree claims?

In the context of the general decline in global interest rates in recent years, a growing number of low-spending countries that have relied on IMF capital have fallen into debt distress – Ethiopia, Ghana, Sri Lanka, and Zambia – and have had little choice but to keep their commitments. There have been calls in recent years for the authorities of rich countries to return unused SDRS to domestic coin funds so that they can be returned to poor countries. Authorities are also working out how to get the world’s banks to use leverage to supply more deposits to poor countries without putting their dubious triple-A rating at risk.

The Reuters report said that while the “new Global Financing Summit” is not expected to result in any binding resolution plan, officials participating in the summit layout should make some strong promises to help poor countries.

The color of China’s feet is also on the cards. This visit to Europe is Li Qiang’s first non-visit after taking office as Chinese Premier, which not only dispels to the outside world the suspicion that there is no friendship between China and Europe, but also expresses China’s suspicions on meteorological issues. Action Global’s largest growth in China, one of Action Global’s major carbon emitters, one of Action Global’s main domestic debt repayment creditors, China’s resolution plan will eliminate a huge impact.

On the eve of the summit, leading Western national leaders, including Macron, Scholz, Biden, Sunak, and others, issued a joint public statement in Project Syndicate, a well-known media outlet. In the letter, titled “A Green Transition that Takes no one Down,” the guide states, “We doubt that increasing poverty and harming the planet can and should run in parallel.”

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